Physical Exam Specifics in Refugee Patients
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Overview
The physical examination in refugee patients should include standard elements plus attention to findings that may be more common in this population.
General Examination
- Nutritional status - Signs of malnutrition or specific deficiencies
- Growth parameters in children - May indicate chronic illness or malnutrition
- Skin - Scars (including those suggesting torture), rashes, infections
Specific Findings to Look For
Skin
- Scabies
- Fungal infections
- Signs of previous leishmaniasis
- Scars from trauma or traditional practices
Dental
- Often poor dental health
- May need referral for urgent dental care
Abdominal
- Hepatosplenomegaly (malaria, schistosomiasis, hepatitis)
- Scars from traditional medicine practices
Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)
- Common in women from certain regions
- Document type if identified
- May affect obstetric care
- Refer for specialized care if complications
Cultural Considerations
- Same-gender examiner may be preferred
- Explain examination procedures
- Be aware of cultural interpretations of illness
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