Physical Exam Specifics in Refugee Patients

Overview

The physical examination in refugee patients should include standard elements plus attention to findings that may be more common in this population.

General Examination

• Nutritional status - Signs of malnutrition or specific deficiencies
• Growth parameters in children - May indicate chronic illness or malnutrition
• Skin - Scars (including those suggesting torture), rashes, infections

Specific Findings to Look For

Skin

• Scabies
• Fungal infections
• Signs of previous leishmaniasis
• Scars from trauma or traditional practices

Dental

• Often poor dental health
• May need referral for urgent dental care

Abdominal

• Hepatosplenomegaly (malaria, schistosomiasis, hepatitis)
• Scars from traditional medicine practices

Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)

• Common in women from certain regions
• Document type if identified
• May affect obstetric care
• Refer for specialized care if complications

Cultural Considerations

• Same-gender examiner may be preferred
• Explain examination procedures
• Be aware of cultural interpretations of illness